We all know there’s gold in the rocks around here. But there aren’t any large-scale gold projects. The McLaughlin Mine near Lake Berryessa straddled three counties in California (Lake, Yolo, and Napa) and produced 17 million ounces of gold from 1985-2002. It’s a reclamation project now.

There’s a big mine in Southern California—Mesquite—that produces gold. And there is still plenty of gold in the Mother Lode. An Australian company expects the famous Lincoln Mine to start producing again.

Mesquite and McLaughlin are open pit mines. The Lincoln is underground. Most miners would prefer an open pit, with the resource close to the surface. But sometimes you have to dig. There’s a spot in Oregon that they are drilling again these days. It is called Quartz Mountain.

That’s about a three-hour drive from here.

The company (Q-Gold) is based in Toronto and they have a bunch of claims and an ambitious drilling program.

Lots of things are converging to make gold mining popular again. The price, currently over three thousand dollars per troy ounce, is very attractive! Second, gold demand always goes up in times of economic uncertainty. With the Great Orange Loon Job & His Criminal Cabal in charge most folks think that their finances are on shakier ground than they were before. Finally, there is increasing industrial use for gold and thus it has taken on the status of a strategic material.

Plus people are just wacky for gold.

By gold mining standards Q-Gold is a pretty podunk outfit. They have a market cap of $12M and a share price (on the Canadian exchange) of ten cents. For comparison, Colorado-based Newmont Corporation has a market cap of $65B and a share price (on the NYSE) of fifty-eight bucks. Newmont is the biggest gold miner in the world.

But the world is full of so-called “junior” miners and Canada is a real hotbed of mining investment. They depend on their mining sector for a big chunk of their economy.

So perhaps we’ll see a new Gold Rush here in the West. It won’t look like the 1850s, that’s for sure. But it could happen “just around the corner” from where I live. I think I might throw a few bucks their way. One thousand shares of Q-Gold will cost me about a hundred bucks.

I think I can spare it. Maybe I’ll get rich!

Or maybe this outfit will fold in a few years and the property will get absorbed by some other outfit and some other schmuck will be throwing a few bucks at them for a few shares twenty years from now. Maybe they’ll get rich!

They don’t do a lot of mining in California any more. The Golden State was founded on gold and built on oil. Neither hold the place in the California economy that they once did.

There’s a mine in the desert called Mountain Pass that’s been in the news lately. The company that owns the mine just got a gob of money from the Defense Department and another gob from Apple to supply rare earths for magnets. Rare earths are hot these days and Mountain Pass is the only rare earth mine in the USA.

And there’s a mine I just learned about called Blue Moon. It’s outside of Madera in the Mariposa County foothills. They pulled out a lot of zinc and copper from the mine during WWII but it’s been inactive since. A new company (Blue Moon Metals) is re-starting the mine and hoping to produce zinc and copper.

Blue Moon Mine is what they call a “brownfield” project. It uses existing infrastructure on a previously-worked site that may have pollution and contamination issues. A “greenfield” project is one that starts from scratch.

Mines are good for the economy but bad for the environment. It doesn’t have to be that way. We have the skills and knowledge today to mine in a responsible way. And if we mine at home right here in California maybe we’ll be able to provide the proper oversight.

One of the things that weather forecasts do is help people plan ahead. Farmers, for example, really rely on forecasts. Emergency response planning depends on good forecasts. And warnings. Just ask those poor people in Texas. A better early warning system might have saved lives. We’ll never know and our Mob Boss president and his Clot of Gangsters will never tell. But slashing and burning your way through the federal budget—a crass bit of political theater—actually harms people. Important services disappear on the cutting floor and real-life, honest-to-god, American citizens get hurt.

It’s that time of year. The HOT time of year. By ten o’clock in the morning it is too hot to be outside. And it barely cools off by ten o’clock at night.

It’s a good thing we have A/C. We used to have a “swamp” cooler, that is an evaporative unit with a fan. That kind of cooling is simple and cheap and works great in a dry climate. But it was bulky and inconvenient, not too mention useless in humid weather, and hazardous in smoky weather. It pulled in outside air and the house would smell like a wet barbecue.

Air conditioning takes a lot of electricity. And specialized refrigerant chemicals. Our units are pretty sophisticated and required professional installation. (Anyone can install a swamp cooler!). But they work great.

Demand for A/C is only going to increase. That means a lot more electric motors which means a lot more copper and so on and so on. We are going to make the world a lot warmer by burning the energy we need to mine the stuff to make the stuff we need to cool down our homes and buildings!

Element number 23 (symbol V) is a hard, silver-gray transition metal. Its primary use is in steel. Adding a small percentage of vanadium improves tensile strength and reduces weight. Steelmakers have been using vanadium in ferro-alloys for over 100 years.

Vanadium has multiple oxidation states and its compounds have a variety of colors. Unfortunately they are all toxic! The metal does not occur free in nature but once isolated it is very stable as it forms an oxide layer, much like aluminum.

The world produces about 100,000 tons of vanadium per year. It’s obtained as a by-product from steel-making slag and from uranium mining.

There is only one primary producer of vanadium in the United States. That company, Energy Fuels, also produces the bulk of U.S. uranium! They don’t just dig the stuff up, they also mill and process it into marketable form. Their White Mesa Mill in San Juan County, Utah is also the only place in the country that handles uranium ore. The mill looks like this and employs 150 people:

This story grabbed my attention:

Researchers at the University of Strathclyde are joining partners in Canada to develop new methods for cleaning up contaminated water from mines.

The project is aimed at removing harmful dissolved metals from the water and recovering them for reuse.

This is the sort of thing that should be happening everywhere there are mines. And there are mines everywhere, so it should be happening all over. I like that this is a partnership between the UK and Canada. Canada’s economy depends on mining.

Mining is essential but it is wasteful and polluting. Not to mention having a history—a long, storied infamy—of exploiting and brutalizing workers.

If you dig a hole in the ground and process the stuff, none of it should be wasted. It should all be used in some manner. Mining uses a very large amount of water. It’s something mining companies don’t talk about because mining’s thirst is enormous and that demand makes huge impacts on local environments.

So it’s cool that these folks are doing this stuff. Both universities receive funding from their respective governments to do the work. That’s how the system works! Government funding of science and other research is a public good. It benefits society. And it keeps our growing knowledge base intact so other people can learn from it and the human race can improve.

This is why the Orange Asshole and His Fascist Minions are terribly stupid for attacking universities. And for slashing the budgets for research and for science facilities. You don’t get smarter by crippling the very institutions that do the work of helping the human race get smarter! But Emperor Don the First isn’t interested in intellectual advancement. And that’s unfortunate.

If we want a clean energy future and clean air and water we have to do a better job mining the earth. And farming, too. And manufacturing, and building, and everything else. And that takes a lot of brainpower and a lot of places to do brain-powering. From the story:

Professor Alejandro Adem, President of NSERC, said: “International partnerships like this one are essential to tackling global challenges such as critical mineral security. By combining Canada’s expertise with the UK’s, we can accelerate innovation and advance sustainable solutions to drive economic growth, resilience, and environmental responsibility.”

NSERC stands for Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.

Around eight o’clock last night I saw a rainbow. The sky was boiling with clouds, including those weird mammatus-type with their bulbous pendants, and bathed in an eerie red glow. Bright yellow crepuscular rays streamed from the setting sun to almost overhead. Lightning backlit banks of black thunderheads over the hills to the south of me.

And there was a rainbow. I could see the secondary bow as well, and though they both disappeared into the heavy cloud cover as they arced upwards, the opposite end of the primary bow was clear and bright.

I thought there would be more rain. It spit a little, just enough to leave some drops on the patio concrete. And I could see virga, rain falling high in the sky that never reached the ground.

I couldn’t have captured the scene with a camera. For one, I’ve no talent for such things. That isn’t to say some of the skilled photographers I know couldn’t have made some beautiful pictures out of that material! Second, the dynamic, evolving nature of the experience was the best part. I knew what I was watching was ephemeral and would soon be washed away by darkness. That urgency to see and feel what was happening in real time right in front of me got my mind’s eye going.

These days we are absolutely buried in images. We’ve made a pornographic fetish out of picture-taking. Ask Google for a sunset or a thundershower or a mountain scene and you will be overwhelmed by all the spectacular choices. Windows 11 will give you a new image every single day if you want. All of them are astounding, high-quality, artistic creations. It’s too much. It’s like eating chocolate at every meal. It ceases to be special and thus becomes a lot less enjoyable.

Most of life we see through our mind’s eye and the only recording device we have is our chaotic, imperfect brain.

That’s OK by me. ¡Viva la imperfección!

The yuccas are in bloom:

These plants grow exceptionally well in our desert-like climate. They have stiff, fibrous leaves and stout, waxy flowers that protect them from drought and harsh sun.

They are easy to cultivate. The underground base of the plant is like a big, mutant turnip. Chop off a chunk of the stuff (it kind of looks like potato flesh) and plant it. Yuccas will emerge.

Yuccas are agaves and are native to the southern US and Mexico. The famous Joshua Tree of the Mojave desert is Yucca brevifolia. The botanical sub-family that includes all agaves and yuccas is Agavoideae and that in turn is classified as part of Asparagaceae, the asparagus family. Many older references (like Jepson) still list Agavaceae as a separate family

I’m not really sure what species is growing in our yard. I suspect it is either Yucca filamentosa (Thread Yucca or Adam’s Needle) or Yucca flaccida (Weak-Leaf Yucca). It doesn’t matter. They are really neat, low-maintenance plants that have their showy time and that time is now!

You may remember my previous post about five yards of red cinder.

Click the link to see the picture.

Today I moved the last shovelful. Actually I was using the broom and dustpan at that point! Here’s what it looks like now:

Took a bit. Two months or so. But that’s only working a few days a week and for no more than a few hours at a time. Hey, I’m a senior! I’m retired. WORK is a four-letter word.

Anyway, it feels good. Now I can use the spot for my car. I like the red staining. I wish I had not put down a tarp first. I would have liked a nice, big, round, red stain.

I cheated a little bit. I got the projects done that needed doing but a good chunk of the red rock was merely moved and stashed somewhere else. I’ve got pending projects for the rest of the red rock and I have little piles scattered about and ready for deployment.

*Lyrical inspiration.

In 1989 a physicist at IBM named Donald Eigler and his colleague Erhard Schweizer used a scanning tunneling electron microscope in a new way. Instead of (merely!) looking at individual atoms, they modified the instrument so that they could move individual atoms. This was the result:

They used xenon atoms.

I don’t really know why, but I would guess it’s because xenon is non-reactive and the heaviest of the so-called “noble” gases. The elements on the far right of the periodic table (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon) are mostly inert. They don’t do much reacting with other elements. Radon is radioactive and one of the rarest elements, so even though its atomic mass is 222, it can’t be worked with. Xenon is the next-heaviest (131).

Xenon occurs naturally in the atmosphere in very small amounts. But it’s a big atmosphere so there is actually a lot of the stuff!

These days it is used as a general anesthetic. Related to that, xenon is used in breathing mixtures for deep-sea divers.

APOD is my favorite website. APOD is Astronomy Picture of the Day.

Today the site turns 30. That’s old in internet-years. APOD is a product of NASA and its collaborations with places like Michigan Tech and the University of Maryland.

These sorts of government/university partnerships are the backbone of fundamental science in the United States. The nation advances when we learn more about our world. Humanity benefits from knowledge. Scholarship and research are essential to civilization.

Today at APOD they created an image of another image. They took 1836 individual images from five years of contributions to the site (it is updated daily). They made a digital mosaic of them, a total of 23,232 tiles. And they used them to make a starry night:

Cool, huh? Click on the image to make it larger.

I like APOD because I get a daily dose of awe. You should check it out, especially the archive. There’s something for everyone, from deep space to spacey scenery.

Vincent Van Gogh’s The Starry Night is in New York City at the Museum of Modern Art.